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Why Won't My Camera Focus?

In: 
Published: 15/05/2023

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As photographers, many experienced the frustration of trying to capture the perfect shot, only to find that their camera won't focus. Even though in real estate photography, my subject doesn’t typically move, it can be a major setback in terms of time to try to figure out what’s causing the soft focus.

Let’s go over some reasons why your camera might suddenly not focus so you can get back to taking sharp photos!

Why Won't My Camera Focus?

Your camera might not focus due to various factors, including a dirty lens, low light, or using incorrect auto or manual settings. There might also be hardware or software issues, which can be harder to fix.

A woman in a long-sleeves blouse uses a black Canon DSLR camera to capture a photo

Overall, it’s important to identify the root cause of why your camera won’t focus so you can properly fix it before it leads to other problems with your camera.

Dirty Lens

One of the most common reasons why a camera won't focus is a dirty lens. Dust, fingerprints, and other debris can accumulate on the lens, making it difficult for the camera to find the subject and focus on it. To avoid this problem, clean your lenses regularly with a soft, lint-free cloth or a lens cleaning kit.

Also, when you’re not using a specific lens, make sure to place the front and rear lens caps back on it! It can be so easy to toss a lens into your bag when switching them out without putting the caps back on; however, that’s an easy way to accumulate dust on your lens.

Low Light

Another reason why your camera may struggle to focus is low light. With real estate photography, it’s pretty common to come across rooms in houses that are dark and lack any sort of decent lighting.

When there isn't enough light, the camera's auto-focus system may not be able to detect the subject, resulting in blurry or out-of-focus images. In these situations, you can try:

  • Using a flash (either on or off camera)
  • Increasing the ISO
  • Using a tripod to stabilize the camera and reduce camera shake (especially if you’re shooting under 1/60th of a second)

If you constantly find yourself in poorly lit scenarios and your camera is having trouble focusing, you might consider upgrading to a camera that performs well in low lighting. These cameras will generally have larger sensors and allow you to significantly increase the ISO when needed.

Incorrect Autofocus Settings

It's also possible that the camera's autofocus settings are not optimized for the situation. For example, if you’re trying to capture a moving subject, you may need to switch to continuous autofocus mode to keep up with the subject's motion.

Based on your camera body, you might have different AF modes to select from that can also impact whether or not you nail the focus. For example, if you shoot with Canon, you can pick between the following, based on your specific shooting scenario:

  • One Shot AF: Best for still subjects and is ideal for portraits, landscapes, and real estate
  • AI Servo AF: Best for moving subjects and is ideal for sports, wildlife, and action photography
  • AI Focus AF: A hybrid of One-Shot and AI Servo and is ideal for subjects that may move unexpectedly, such as children or animals

Incorrect Manual Focus Settings

Sometimes, it makes more sense to use manual rather than autofocus. If you’re using manual focus though, it's possible that you’re not focusing on the right part of the scene.

Make sure you’re focusing on the subject's eyes or another important feature to ensure that the image is sharp. You can also try using the camera's focus peaking feature, which highlights the areas of the image that are in focus, to help you get the perfect shot.

If you’re still having trouble, try adjusting the aperture to be narrower (such as f/8 or f/11) so that more of the image can be in focus. If the image is still not sharp, there might be a hardware issue that’s causing the issue.

A man in a black long-sleeves adjusting the setting of a black DSLR camera

Hardware Issues

Hardware issues can also cause problems with focusing, and these can be a bit more challenging to fix compared to what I shared above. If the camera lens is broken, it may be unable to focus properly. Additionally, if the sensor is damaged, it may not be able to accurately capture the image, resulting in blurry or out-of-focus photos.

Broken Lens

If the lens is broken, it may need to be repaired or replaced. A broken lens can prevent the camera from focusing properly, resulting in blurry photos. If you notice any cracks or damage to the lens, it is best to have it looked at by a professional. They can determine the extent of the damage and recommend the best course of action.

Damaged Sensor

The camera sensor is responsible for capturing the image and transmitting it to the camera's processor. If the sensor is damaged, it may not be able to accurately capture the image, resulting in blurry or out-of-focus photos.

In some cases, a damaged sensor can be repaired, but in other cases, it may need to be replaced. If you suspect that your camera's sensor is damaged, it is best to have it looked at by a professional.

In general, it’s a good idea to have your gear inspected by a professional at least once every year or two, depending on how often you shoot. This way, they can hopefully identify any potential problems early on (and before you have any gear issues during a shoot!).

Software Issues

Software issues can also cause your camera to have trouble focusing. Outdated firmware or corrupted software might be the culprits for your soft-looking images.

Outdated Firmware

If your camera's firmware is outdated, it may not work properly. Check the manufacturer's website for firmware updates and follow the installation instructions. This may solve the focusing problem.

A man in blue long-sleeves and denim pants adjusting the setting of a black DSLR camera

Corrupted Software

If the camera software is corrupted, it can cause issues with focusing. Try uninstalling and reinstalling the camera software. If that doesn't work, try a system restore to a date when the camera was working properly. If none of these solutions work, you may need to contact the camera manufacturer for further assistance.

Related Questions

Here are some common questions about camera focusing issues:

Can a Dirty Sensor Affect Autofocus?

Yes, a dirty sensor can affect autofocus. When there is dust or debris on the sensor, it can interfere with the camera's ability to focus properly. This is because the autofocus system relies on contrast to determine where to focus, and dust or debris can reduce the contrast in the image. To avoid this issue, it's important to regularly clean your camera's sensor using a sensor cleaning kit.

How Do You Know If Your Camera Lens Is Damaged?

There are a few signs that your camera lens may be damaged. If you notice that your images are consistently blurry, even when using autofocus, it could be a sign that your lens is damaged. You may also notice that the lens is making strange noises or that the focus ring is not working properly. If you suspect that your lens is damaged, I recommend having a professional take a look at it.

Can Dropping My Camera Cause Focus Issues?

Yes, dropping your camera can cause focus issues. When a camera is dropped, it can cause the lens or the camera body to become misaligned, which can affect the camera's ability to focus properly. If you've dropped your camera and are experiencing focus issues, it's best to take it to a professional for repair. It's also a good idea to invest in a camera strap or case to help prevent drops in the future!

Conclusion

As you can see, there are many reasons why a camera might not focus properly. It could be due to a technical issue with the camera or lens, poor lighting conditions, or user error. By understanding the common causes of focus problems, you can take steps to prevent them from happening in the future.

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